1. Core:
-The core is the magnetic circuit that provides a low reluctance path for the magnetic field between the primary and secondary windings. It is usually made of laminated iron or steel to reduce eddy current losses.
2. Windings
- The windings are coils of wire that are wrapped around.
the core. The primary winding is connected to the input voltage, and the secondary winding is connected to the output voltage.
the core. The primary winding is connected to the input voltage, and the secondary winding is connected to the output voltage.
3. Insulation
- Insulation is used to separate the windings and prevent
electrical contact between them. It is usually made of a thin layer of paper, plastic, or varnish.
electrical contact between them. It is usually made of a thin layer of paper, plastic, or varnish.
4.Tap changer
-A tap changer is a device that allows the number of
turns in the winding to be adjusted, changing the turns ratio and hence the output voltage.
turns in the winding to be adjusted, changing the turns ratio and hence the output voltage.
5. Cooling system
-A transformer generates heat due to losses in the core and windings. A cooling system, such as oil or air, is used to dissipate this heat and prevent the transformer from overheating.
6. Bushings
Bushings are insulated devices that connect the transformer to the power system. They provide electrical isolation and support for the high-voltage conductors that connect to the windings.7. Conservator tank
A conservator tank is a container that holds oil, which is used as a cooling medium for the transformer. It also provides space for the expansion and contraction of the oil due to temperature changes.8. Breather
A breather is a device that filters and dehumidifies the air that enters and exits the conservator tank, preventing moisture from entering the transformer and reducing the risk of internal faults.9. Buchholz relay
A Buchholz relay is a protective device that detects faults such as internal arcing, partial discharge, or overheating in the transformer. It operates by detecting changes in the gas or oil levels in the conservator tank.10. Protective relays
Protective relays are devices that detect abnormal. conditions in the transformer and disconnect it from the power system to prevent damage. They operate based on various parameters, such as voltage, current, or temperature.
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